Traffic actuated signal controller



Aug. 31, 1948. A. o. OLAFSON 2,443,113

TRAFFIC ACTUATED SIGNAL CONTROLLER Filed March 14, 1946 8 Sheqts-Sheet l Aug. 31, 1948. A. o. OLAFSON TRAFFIC ACTUATED SIGNAL CONTROLLER 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed March 14, 1946 1. 2 Z .w a a V W H V z 4 .0 A w e 1 5 4. 9 v 8 m 6/ 1 \\\\KI| 5 7 a M I 0 L J o 4 K. v A. n A a w M I 3 u ww 0 m 1 w v 1 v I Aug. 31, 1948. Y A. o. OLAFSON 2,448,113 TRAFFIC ACTUATED SIGNAL CONTROLLER Filed March 14, 1946 a Sheets-Sheet 3 hgzi," Z5 1 1, 1948. ,A. o. OLAFSON 8,

TRAFFIC ACTUATED SIGNAL CONTROLLER Fil ed March 14, 1946 .8 Sheets-Sheet 4 zlllfll/lllzw NVAIIIIII/ll/f/drll rill/47in? lNSULA T/o/v Q 108 A. O. OLAFSON TRAFFIC ACTUATED SIGNAL CONTROLLER Aug. 31, 1948.

8 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed March 14, 1946 llll lll l INSULATION Aug. 31, 1948. A. OLAFSON TRAFFIC ACTUATED SIGNAL CONTROLLER 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed March 14, 1946 0H a m w w V A w fi .A

. m M WM MW w g fl Aug. 31, 1 948. A. '0; oLAFsoN 2,448,113

TRAFFIC ACTUATED SIGNAL CONTROLLER 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed March 14, 1946 M M MW Aug. 31, 1948. A, Q QLAFSON 2,448,113

TRAFFIC ACTUATED SIGNAL CONTROLLER Filed March 14, 1946 s sheetssheet s INSUL A T/ON Patented Aug. 31, 1948 r 4 UNITED srnres P TEN OFFICE Eb G ALQQN' QL Y O} Olafson, St. Paul, Minn. I lipplication fiar ch l i, iaia'serial No'.'654.323'

' a c1ss-S.- (01.177-337) My invention relates fto an imp ovement in traffic actuated signal controller wherein it isdesired to provide amen-stemmed by trafilc approaching an intersection for controllingsig'nal lights at the intersection.

Previous patents have issued bn' bontrollers operable by traffic to control trafficsignalsj Most of these, however, have beenextrmely "coinplicated in construction and become easily injured or out of adjustment; Furthermore many of these controllers are so arranged'that when the. signal is prolonged 'by continuing name," the periods of prolongationarerelatively large.

It is an object of thepresent invention to provide a trafilc signal controller which" is relativelysimple in constructiom'and'which may bebuilt of many standard parts 'whicli'are'not likely to get out of adjustment or need repair. While the particular arrangementandlocationof these. parts is believed entirely, noyelgthe switches andv solenoid devices employed are of a standard'type and are of proven construction. A feature of the present invention resides in the fact that but little'power is'requiredtoactuate the apparatus. When no vehicles are approach ing the intersection, the only current being used is that required to illuminate the signals and to operate a small motor which need'be'of sufiicient power only to actuate a pair of votatingswitch actuatingdiscs. 1

A further feature of the present invention resides in the fact that my traflic signal controller may be actuated to be fully automatic, semi-automatic, or fully traflic actuated. Inotherwords, the controller may be set to change the signals in response to vehicle actuation on'both highways in which case thesignal is fully traffic actuated; in response to vehicle'actuation-one highway only, in which case the signal is semi-traffic actuated; orautomatically at predetermined intervals without actuation by vehicles. Furthermore, either of the intersecting streets may comprise the throughstreet or arterial highway.

A feature of the present invention resides in providing a controller-which will award a variable initial Go display period for each highway and a variable prolonging -period for each highway. The initial period may beadjusted to-satisfy the requirements of a -single vehicle-approaching the intersection. The prolonging period may "be adjustcd to provide a 'maximumpe'r'iod through which the Go signal on either highway maybe prolonged. 1 n Y An important feature of the present invention residesin the provision" of a means for producing electrical impulses, and in using these impulses to actuate the time after actuation thereof. A timer prolonging means, operable step by step, is advanced either by vehicles approaching the intersection or by impulses produced within the controller.- A timer resetting means, advanced at regular-intervals by impulses produced within the timer, attempts to catch up with the advancing timer means, and to return the timer means to starting position. When the resetting means overtakes the timer means, the timer means is reset, and the Go signal displayed on a corresponding highway may be relinquished.

These and other objects and novel features of my. invention will be more clearly and fully set forth inthe following specification and claims.

In the drawings forming a part of my specification:

Figure 1 is a wiring diagram of my controller showing the constructionthereof.

Figure 2 is a plan view of one of my timer units showing the construction thereof.

Figure 3 isia sectional view through the timer unit, the position of the section beingindicated by the line 3-3 of Figure 5. e

Figure 4' isja, diagrammatic perspective view showing the: arrangement of parts forming the timerunit. 1 I

Figure 5 is a sectional View through the timer unit, showingt'the'. arrangement of the parts thereinri Figure-6-isa perspective view of a portion of the timer unit showing the construction thereof.

Figure 7 is a sectional view through a portion of the timer unitthe position of the section being indicated by the line 1-1 of Figure 5;

Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 7 showing a slightly different arrangement ,of' the elements.

Figure-9- is aiview *similartoFigure 8 showing another position of the'elements.

Figure -10 is-a sectional view through a series of cams and a drive mechanism therefor.

Figure 11 is a diagrammatic perspective view of-the'drive unit'for thecams.

- -Figure-l2 is a plan view of the cam drive unit shown in Figurell. V r

v Figure 13 is a perspective view of one of the main switch units of my controller.

Figures l4'through-25 are figures showing the relative positions of the cams and their switches in different angular positions of the cams.

Figure 26 is an elevational View of the controller in itscabinet. r v

Figure 28 is a perspective view of a modified form of adjustable limiting switch apparatus.

My controller is composed of several essential units which are electrically connected together. As they are electrically connected, the respective positions of these units is not important in the present invention and the apparatus has been shown in assembled form only in Figure 1 of the drawings. The controller is usually mounted in a cabinet A, as best illustrated in Figure 26 of the drawings.

The essential units combining together to form my controller are as follows:

1. A timing unit for each highway. These units are identical and are illustrated in Figure 1 by the letters B and B. r

2. A main switch unit for each highway. These units are identical and are illustrated in Figure 1 at C and C.

'3. A cam unit D for operating the signals and regulating the circuits.

4. An impulse unit E for producing electrical impulses at regularly spaced intervals.

The controller is used in conjunction with traffic signals preferably having red, amber, green and walk lights; and with trafiic actuated detectors which are actuated by vehicles approachi'ng the intersection. These detectors may be of any desired type which may result in the provision of an electrical impulse to the controller. The contact pad type will provide two impulses for each vehicle, unless special means are used to prevent the second impulse. If each vehicle provides two impulses, provisions may be made to compensate therefor. The magnetic field type of detector or the electric eye type provides but one contact per vehicle, but requires relays or other additional means not illustrated for the purpose of simplicity.

The timing units The timing unit B is shown in Figures 2 through of the drawings. Each timing includes the following parts:

1. A manually controlled "switch unit F.

2. An electrically actuated prolonging ratchet unit G which determines the extent to which the Go signal is prolonged. Each ratch actuation, up to a predetermined maximum, prolongs the Go signal on a corresponding highway. The ratchet may be electrically actuated either by a vehicle approaching the intersection or by the impulse unit.

3. A second electrically actuated V resetting ratchet H which is actuated by the impulse unit and acts to return or reset the prolonging ratchet to starting position. 1

4. A fixed limiting switch J which is open when the prolonging ratchet is in starting or inoperative position and closed when the prolonging ratchet is out of starting position.

5. A normally closed limiting switch K which is adjustable about the ratchet shaft and which is opened when the prolonging ratchet has traveled through a predetermined angular distance.

6. A stop L which regulates the predetermined initial period through which the Go signal must be displayed on a given highway before this Go signal may be relinquished.

The manually controlled switch F is not necessarily a part of the timing unit B, but is formed as a part thereof for the purpose of convenience. A shaft is supported through bearing sleeves,

4 which will be later described, by the front panel I l of the cabinet A. Near its other end the shaft ID is supported by a bearing support l2 secured to the base 13 of the cabinet A. Forwardly of the front panel H of the cabinet, the shaft I0 is provided with a knob M by means of which the shaft may be rotated. At its other end a cam I5 is provided which serves as a means of operating a pair of contact blades l6 forming a switch,

As best indicated in Figure 4 of the drawings, the cam I5 is provided with a pair of notches l7 and 19 which are spaced by a relatively raised portion '20. The V-shaped end 2|. of one of the contact blades [6 is selectively engageable in either of the notches l1 and I9. When the cam I5 is in the position shown in Figure 4 of the drawings, the blades I6 are allowed to come together to form contact therebetween. When the shaft I0 is rotated so that the switch blade end 2| is in engagement with the notch I9, the switch blades will be separated to break contact therebetween. As' will be later described in detail, when the switch blades [6 are in. contact the associated timer unit B is in automatic or semiautomatic operation. When the switch blades it are separated, the associated timing unit is set for vehicle actuation.

The electrically actuated prolonging unit G includes a ratchet gear 22 rotatable upon the shaft l0 and urged by a spring 23 in a clockwise direction as viewed in Figures 2 to 4 of the drawings.

. The spring 23 is connected at one end 24 to the bearing support l2 as indicated in Figure 5 and is connected at its other end 25 to the ratchet gear 22. This spring '23 tends to return the ratchet to its initial or starting position.

A sleeve 21 is mounted upon the shaft ID to rotate relative thereto. An arm 29 is. rotatably supported on the sleeve 2'! adjacent the ratchet 22. A pin 33 is provided on the ratchet against which the arm 2'! is urged by mean of a spring 3 l.

A cam 32 is secured to the sleeve 21 for rotation with this sleeve andwith the ratchet wheel 22. This cam is provided with a pin 33 projecting from one side thereof to operate the ratchet resetting lever 34 which will be later described in detail.

The ratchet gear 22 is operated as best illustrated in Figure 2 of the drawings. A magnet 35 is supported by suitable supporting means 36 secured to the cabinet base l3. A weighted arm 31 is pivoted to the magnet support at 39. This weighted arm 31 is pivoted at it to a weighted link 41 rigidly connected to an upstanding pawl 49. The pawl 49 is provided with a flanged end 50 which extends laterally parallel to the base I3, and a set screw 5| extends through the base by means of which the height of the pawl in lowered position, may be regulated.

The inclined upper end 52 of the pawl 49 engages against an inclined guide 53 mounted upon the table 54 overlying the magnet supports 36 and supported thereby. Upon actuation of the mag-- net 35 the upper end 52 0i the pawl 49 is guided toward the ratchet gear 22 as it raises, thus bringing the pawl into engagement with the ratchet gear and rotating this ratchet gear the distance of one tooth or the ratchet.

A dog '55 engages the ratchet gear 22 to hold the same from rotating in a clockwise direction as viewed in Figures 2 and '4. The dog 55 is pivoted at 56 to a bracket 5-! on the cabinet base 13, and is biased toward the ratchet gear by means of a weight arm 59, or a suitable spring. The dog '55 may be released to permit the spring '23 to return 'clutch Wheel I3.

the ratchet to starting-position in a manner which will be later described in detail.

The electrically actuated resetting ratchet H includes'a second-ratchetwunit. A ratchet gear 60- isfreely rotatable upon'the shaft I and is urged'in a clockwise direction as viewed in Figures 3 and 4 of the drawings, by means of a spring GI, one end 62 of which is anchored to the ratchet gear 60, while the'other end 63 is anchored to a relatively stationary arm. The arm to which the spring is anchored is angularly adjustable between-certain limits, but at all times maintains the spring 6I at the same tension in starting position.

. Apin 64 is provided upon the ratchet gear 60 to project laterally therefrom. This pin is engageable with the adjustable stop L which will be later described 'in'detail.

am-gripping*devicer65' is pivotally mountedupon a pivot 66 carriedby the ratchet gear 60. This gripping'device 65 is urged in a counter-clockwise direction as illustrated in Figure 4 and in a clockwise direction as viewed in Figures 6 through 9 of the drawings, by means of a spring 6'! anchored at69 to the ratchet gear-60. An arm I0 extends forwardly from the gripping device 65 and is provided with a cam pin or roller 'II' engageable with the peripheral surface of the cam 32. In other words, the spring 61 holds the pin II in engagement with th surface of the cam.

.The gripping device 65 is provided with a wedge-shaped slot I2 therein embracing the periphery ofaclutch wheel 13. When the gripping device 65 is permitted to pivot in a clockwise direction in the manner indicated in Figure 8, this gripping device will frictionally engage the periphery of the clutch wheel I3 to rotate this clutch wheel together with the ratchet wheel 60. An arm 14 is secured to the clutch wheel 13 for rotation therewith. A shaft 15 is secured at one end to the arm I4 and is supported at its other end by means of an arm I6 rotatably supported by the shaft I0. Therefore when the pin II of the gripping device 65 comes in contact with a reduced diameter portion of the cam 32, the clutch wheel 13 together with the arms 14 and I6, and the shaft I5 supported therebetween rotates in a clockwise direction as viewed in Figures 6 through 9, or in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed in Figures 2, 3, and 4.

Figure 6 of the drawings shows the pin II engaging a large diameter surface of the cam 32, and the gripping device 65 disengaged from the Figure '7 shows the gripping device in a slightly advanced position near the small diameter portion of the cam. Figure 8 shows the pin II in engagement with the small diameter portion of the cam, the clutch' wheel engaged by this gripping device 65, and the clutch wheel I3 rotated to move the shaft I5 about the axi of the shaft I0. The shaft I5 supports a roller TI which engages the dog 55 0f the ratchet wheel 22. In Figure. 8 of the drawings the roller 11 has disengaged the dog 55 from the ratchet 22, allowing the Spring 23 to return this ratchet to its starting position.

The ratchet wheel 60 is operated by a magnet I9; best illustrated in Figure 3 of the drawings. The magnet I9 i supported by supporting structure 80 which assists in supporting the table 54. A weighted arm 8l is pivoted at 82 to the supporting structure 80. A-weighted link 83 is pivoted to the arm 8| at 84. A pawl 85 is connected to the link 83 and includes a lower flanged end 86 substantially parallel to the cabinet base I3; Asetscrew 8'! extends through the base 113 tor'gulate the lowered' position of the pawl '85: The upper end 89 of the pawlis inclined'to' ward the-ratchet wheel 60 and'is guided by the inclined guide'90 toward this ratchet wheel; i-Upon. energization of the magnet I9; the pawl 85"will: be lifted forwardly and toward the ratchetwheel to; advance this wheel the distance of one tooth;

dog 9| is pivoted at 92 to a bracket 93 supported'up'o'n the base I3, and is urged toward the ratchet wheel 60 by means of a weight arm 94. A lateral projection '95 is provided upon the 'dog SI for engagement with the disengagement lever- 34 pivoted at 96*to a bracket 91 on the base I 3. As indicated inFigures 3 and 4 of the drawings the lever 34 is engaged by the pin 33 on the cam" 32' to disengage the'dog 9I from the ratchet'60. The normally closed switch J is illustratedin Figures 2 and 4 of the'drawings; This switch'J is supported by insulating means 99' upon the table 54 and includes contact blades I00 which are normally'held spaced by means of a stub'shaft IOI mounted upon the arm 29 previously described. This stub shaft -IOI is shown in Figures 2 and 4 engaging the lower blade of the contact blades I00 to hold these blades separated. The arm 29 supporting the stub shaft IN is returned to the starting position illustrated by engagementwith the pin 30 of the ratchet wheel 22, which is of course rotated to starting position by the spring The stub shaft IOI i also engage-ablewithanormally closed limiting switch K which is angularly adjustable about the shaft I0. A sleeve I02 is supported by the shaft I 0 adjacent the knob I4. An adjustment arm I03 is secured to the sleeve I02 at one end thereof to rotate with the sleeve. An arm I04 is secured to the other end of the sleeve I02 to rotate with the sleeve and the arm I 03. Y An insulation block I05 is supported by the arm I04 to rotate angularly therewith. A pair of contact blades I01 are supported by the insulation block I05. One 'of the contact blades I01 extends in the path 'of the stub shaft IOI. As a result when the ratchet wheel 22 rotates a predetermined angular distance, the stub shaft IOI engages the-projecting blade of the switch blades I01, separating these blades and breaking the circuit therebetween. The ratchet wheel 22 and the cam 32 are free to continue rotation as the ratchet wheel is connected to the arm 29 through th -spring 3|. However,-the movement of the arm 29 is arrested by the limiting contact blades A flat spring I09 is supported at one end by the";

pointer arm I03. A pin H0 is supported on the free end of the spring I09. A headed pin III extends through the arm I03 and is axially slidable with respect thereto. One end of the pin III is connected to the spring I 09 so that when the pin is pulled outwardly the spring I09 will be flexed toward the pointer arm I03. The pin H0 is designed to engage in any of a series of radially spaced holes I I2 in the cabinet panel I I. Thus the pointer arm I03 may be angularly adjusted, by flexing the spring I09 away from the cabinet panel II, swinging the pointer arm I03 in the: proper direction, and releasing the pin III topermit the pin I I0 to be engaged in another aperture I I2.

As best illustrated in Figure 26 of the draw-- ings, rings II2 are supported upon the cabinetv panel 'I I forwardly of each unit B orB; "The:

ring H2 is provided with. aseries. ofspacedindicating marks H3 thereupon. When. the. pointer arm I03 is directed toward the indications at the left hand end of this seriesof indications I I3, the limiting switch K will b pivoted to provide a minimum prolonging period for the associated timing unit. By moving the pointer. I03 in a clocwise direction, the limiting switch K may be moved to permit considerably more rotation of the ratchet wheel 22 before the circuit through the limiting switch blades I01 is broken,

The stop L is best illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 of the drawings. A sleeve I'M encircles the sleeve I52 and is concentric therewith. A pointer arm. I I5 is fixed to one end. of the sleeve I"I4iwhi1e an. arm. H6 is secured to the other end of this sleeve I;I l. By rotating the pointer arm H5: about the axis of the shaft iii, the arm IIG' may be moved in a counter-clockwise direction: or in a clockwise direction.

A bracket I ii is provided on the arm ll-l 8 which is engageabl-e withthe pin 65 on. the ratchet Wheel Gil. Movement of the ratchet wheel in one direction is limited by the position of the arm H 6.

A flatspring i It is supported at one end by the arm I I5 and supports a pin IE8 at its free end. Anadjustment pin I2! extends through the arm H 5 and slides axially of the pin being connected terminally to the spring H9 near its free end. The pin I2% is designed to engage in any of a series of angularly spaced apertures I22 in the cabinet panel II. By pulling upon the pin IE-I, thepin IZt may be withdrawn from its aperture, allowing angular adjustment of the-pointer arm. I I5 to'set the stop I I! in proper position.

A series of indicating marks I23 are provided on the rings ill! to indicate desired settings for the pointer arms H5. When the arm H6 is pivoted in a clockwise direction asviewcd in Figure 26, or

a counter-clockwise direction as viewed in Figure 4, the stop ill will advance the ratchet wheel 53' to cut down the initial period of display of the timer. By moving the pointer arm 1 I5 in the opposite direction, the initial Go display period of the signal on the corresponding highway may he lengthened.

While the operation will be discussed more thoroughly in conjunction w'th the wiring diagram, the operation or the timing units B and B" will be briefly described as follows:

The controller is first set to provide a desired initial display period and the desired prolonging period for the associated highway. This adjustment places the resetting ratchet wheel 60* at a desired initia1 position and places the limiting switch K at the desired angular distance from the fixed limiting switch J.

An impulse either from vehicle detector pads, or from another source, will he later described, energizes the magnet This movement raises the pawl 65 rotati mg the ratchet wheel 22' and closes t. e con acts J. Iiadditional impulses are subsequently received by the magnet 35 prior to.

the return of the ratchet wheel 22 to starting por sition, the ratchet wheel will be furtheradvanced. Rotation of the ratchet WheelEZ- actsthrough the spring 35 to rotate the arm 29-and the cam 32, thus advancing the cam to spacethe small diameter portion thereof farther from the starting point of the gripping device 25. If sufficient impulses are received by the magnet 35 to engage the stub shaft IEll with the limiting switch contacts Ifll, the angular movement of the arm 29 and the cam 32is arrested, although the ratchet 22 may conhave tinue. to advance until the circuit thereto is broken.

As soon as the fixed limiting switch J is closed a circuit-is closed to provide intermittent impulses to the magnet l9. Accordingly at equal intervals the magnet 19 is energized, advancing the ratchet Gil. When the ratchet 50 has advanced a distance suflicient to allow the cam pin H to engage a small diameter portion of the. cam 32, the gripping device 6'5 will act as a clutch to connect the clutch 'Wheel'IS to the ratchet wheel Ell. Further rotation 'of the ratchet wheel will then advance the clutch wheel '53, acting to-swing the roller ill against the dog 55 to release the ratchet wheel 22. When re- 'f leased, the ratchet wheel 22 and the cam 32 connected thereto. pivot into starting position, breaking the circuit through the fixed limiting switch J and again making contact in the adjustable limiting switchK, in the event these latter contacts been broken. Return movement of the ratchet wheel 22 causes the pin (ill to engage the arm- 29, moving the arm 29 and the stub shaft I ill connected thereto into starting position. As the cam 32 moves into starting position, the pin 33 mounted thereon engages the dog release lever 3 5,

releasing the dog 9i of the ratchet wheel 66 and allowing the spring GI to return the ratchet wheel to starting position.

The units B and'B' areidentical, and in Figure 1, similar parts bear similar numbers. However, in order to distinguish between the units in the wiring diagram, a prime mark has been added to the reference numerals designating parts of the timer unit E.

Main switch units My traffic signal controller also includestwo main switch units C. and C which. are actuated by the timer units B. and B. The main switch units are illustrated in Figure l of the drawings and also in Figure 13 thereof. The units each include a bank of four switches, or in, reality five separate switches, as one of the switches is a double contact switch.

The construction of the units may be considerablyvaried, as many types of switches of this nature are in' production. In general, however, the unit's C include a platform 2 1 of insulation from which is supported a magnet I25. A pair of arms 5% connectedas a unit are pivo'tally connectedat ill? to the magnet supports. A link I29 is pivotally connected at I351 between the anns I25, this link acting to support a transversely extending bar I3I of insulation. Means, not illustrated for the purpose of simplicity, is provided to hold the link I29 generally vertical.

A pair of contacts I 32 areco-nnected to opposite sides of the platform I24; and are electrically insulated thereby. The lower one or" the contacts I32 extends beneath the bar Idl so that when the arms i236 are in their normal lowered position illustrated, contact is broken between the blades I32. When. the magnet 525 is energized, the bar l3i'is elevated, allowing the contacts 32 to spring into contacting relation.

A second pair of contacts I33 arealso secured in opposed relation to the upper and lower surfaces of the platform I2 3. The upper cont ct blade E33 extends above thearm ESI in the pa h of'movement thereof. The blades I33 are nor-- mally in contacting relation in lowered position of the arms i231 However, when the magnet I25 is actuated, the arm I3I is raised, acting to break contact between-these blades I33.

A thirdset of contacts are provided on the platform I24. This third set' of contacts includes an upper contact I34 extending above the bar I3I, a lower contact I35 extending below the bar I3I, and an intermediate fixed contact I36 supported by a contact arm I31. In the normal lowered position of the arms I26 the upper arm I34 is in engagement with the intermediate contact I36. When the magnet I25 is energized, the upper contact I34 is disengaged from the intermediate contact I36 and the lower contact blade I35 is engaged therewith. Thus the intermediate contact I36 is alternately connected with the blade I34 and the blade I35.

A fourth pair of contact blades l 39'are-supported on opposite sides of the platform- I24. The lowermost contact blade I39 extends beneath the arm I3I so that the blades are separated in the normal lowered position. of the bar I 3I. When the magnet I25 is energizedandthe bar I 3| is lifted, the contact blades I39 spring into contacting relation to close the circuit there between. j

The main switch units C andC" are identical inconstructionc However, in order to properly describe the wiring diagram, it 'is necessary to add. a prime mark to the numbers identifying the contactsof unit C. Therefore the normally open contacts of unit C' corresponding to the blades I32 are'illustrated atll32'. Contacts corresponding to the normally closed contacts I33 are illustrated at l33'. The uppercontact I34 of the'unit C corresponds with the upper contact I34 of unit C'. The intermediate contact I36 corresponds to the intermediate contact I36'.. Lower normally open contact I35 corresponds to-the lower contact I35 of unit Cf." The'normally open contacts; I39 of unit C correspond to-normally open contacts I39 of unit-C. The magnet I25 of'imit C is indicated by the numeral I25; I

The c'am unit Thecam unit D is shown in Figuresllfl, I1, and 12 of the drawings and relative'positions of the camsiofthe cam unit during a cycle of operation are shown'in Figures lethrough 25 of the drawings. The cam unit D includes in general a series of 13 cams mounted for rotation in unisonwith a common shaft I41. These cams are'designate'd by the numerals I49, I50, I5I, I52,'I53, I54, I55, I56, I51, I59, I60, I6I, and I62. These cams control switches which are numbered respectively, I63, I64, I65, I66, I61, I69, I10, I1I, I12, I13, I14, I15, and I16. 'The effect'each cam and its correspondin switch has upon the signal and control circuits will be later described in detail.

Also included in'the cam unit D, I'provide'a driving. motor I11 and an "intermittent motion driving device" M connecting the motorwith the cams. The purpose of the intermittent motion device M is to rotate the cam shaft I41.in' inter-1 mittent's'teps to move the switches from one portion of each'cam to the next, quickly rather than gradually: 'Such' action will not only increase the life of the contacts in the 'switches,-but also will insure the simultaneous operation of various circuits." I

The intermittent motion device ;M is best illustratedzin-Eigures-10;-l1 and .12 of the drawings. The shaft I41is secured in a socket I19:of a shaft section I83 supported by flat supporting plates or'frame-walls I8I; The shaft I80 and the shaft I41 connected thereto are free to rotate in the frame-walls I 8| and-the shaft I41 isprovided extra support :by the bearing I82 irraj. third par! allel frame wall I83 forming a part of the cabinet A. A gear I84 is freely supported on the shaft I and is driven by a pinion I85 in mesh therewith. The inion I85 is connected to, the motor I11 either directly, or through a suitable gear reduction (not illustrated). The gear I84 is pro vided with hubs I86 and I81 on either side thereof. Ratchet wheels I 89 and I93 are secured to the shaft I80 by pins I9I or other suitable means. Flanges I92 and I93 extend inwardly from the periphery of-the ratchets I89 and I toward the gear I84 which is located therebetween. One or more spiral springs I94 are connected at their inner-extremity to the hubs I86 and I81, and at their outer extremity to one or more of the flanges I92 and I93; so as to provide a resilient connection between the ratchet wheels I89 and I90 fixed to the shaft I80 and the gear I84 which is driven at a constant speed during the signal changing operation.

A series f S an u ed ra he 569th I95 project outwardlyfrom the periphery ofthe ratchet wheel I90. "A series of pins I96 project laterally'from'the gear I84 to overlie a-portion of the flange I93 ofthe ratchet wheel I90. The teeth I95 are successively engaged by a pawl I91 having a transverselyextending hook end I99. Thepawl' I91 ispivoted on a shaft 200substajn tially" parallel to theratche't shaft and is held againstv the ratchet wheel. The pawl I91 is in the path of movement of thepins I96 and the hook 'end I99 thereof engages the ratchet teeth The ratchet I89 is similarly constructed. A series of six angularly spaced ratchet'teeth 202 are provided about the periphery of the ratchet wheel I89 and laterally'extending pins .203 are provided on the ear I84 to overlie .a portion of the flange I92.. The pawl 204 ispivoted on the shaft. 20.I andoverlies thepins 203 and is in the path thereof. A hook end 205 on thepawl 204 successively engages the ratchet teeth 202 A spring 206 normally holds the ratchet 204 against its ratchet wheelI Inoperationthe motor I11 drives the pinion I85 which in turn rotates the gear I84 at a constant. speed. I From the-position illustrated in Figures 11and 12 of the drawings, rotation of the gear 184 causes one of the pins I96 to engage beneath the pawl I 91 gradually raising the same against tension of the spring 20! until the hook end I99 of the pawl is disengaged from the ratchet tooth I95 previously engaged thereby. As soon as the ratchet wheel I90 is disengaged, the ratchet is rotated bythe internal spring or springs I94'until a ratchet tooth 202 of theratchet I8 9 engages the hook end 205; of :the pawl 204. The pawls i 91 and} 04 intermittently engagebecause of the alternate position of the pins I96 and 203' on thexgear I84 and-the alternate location of the ratchet teeth on-the two ratchet wheels. g ,j

Whenthe-ratchet189 isin engagement with the pawl 204, continued rotation of thegearrI'84 bringsa pin 203-under the pawl acting to raise the same out of engagement with the ratchet tooth-202; allowing the springor springs 194 to again rotate the ratchet wheels one-twelfth of, a

rotation. As previously stated, the ratchet teeth of each'ratchet, wheel are located sixty degrees apart; but the teeth of one ratchet are mid-way between, the teeth of the other. As a result the shaft 141 and'th'e'cams thereupon are rotated in steps, the intermittent motion mechanism M acting to swing thetcams through an angular distance of thirty degrees at a, time-.durin fits, operation;

The impulse producing unit In order to reset the timer unit and also to provide a means of operating my controller to provide automatic operation thereof, I provide an impulse producing element E. This element E includes a motor 291 which operates continuously when the controller is in use. This motor 201 actuates a drive shaft 209 illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 1, which rotates a pair of timer discs 210 and 2 in unison therewith. The disc 2I0 is provided with a series of spaced peripheral notches 2I2 therein into which may engage one blade of a pair of contact blades 2 I3. At intervals during the rotation of the disc 2H1, one blade drops into a notch 2I2 closing the contacts 2I3 and thus closing a circuit between these contact blades.

The disc 2 is similarly constructed with peripheral notches 2 I4 into which one blade of the normally open contacts 2I5 may engage. As a result at spaced intervals the contacts 2I5 are closed to produce an electrical impulse therethrough when the associated circuit is complete.

The wiring diagram Having now described the detail construction of the various parts of .my controller, I'now desire to describe the operating circuit therefor. The controller is designed for use for controlling signals at an intersection oftwo highways, which I have designated as X and Y in Figure l of the drawings. The highway X is provided with vehicle actuated detector means which may be designated DX, while the highway Y is provided with vehicle actuated detectors which may be designated DY. For the purpose of simplicity the signal units used on highway X have been designated generally as SX, while the corresponding signals on the highway Y have been generally designated SY.

In the system illustrated, I provide two conductors 2 I6 and 2 I1 leading from the vehicle actuated detectors DY to terminals M9 and 229, respectively, on the controller. Two conductors 22I and 222 likewise lead from the vehicle detectors DX to terminals 223 and 224 of any controller. There are preferably nine conductors leading from the controller to the various signals. The conductor 225 leads from the control terminal 226 to all of the signal lights, this conductor forming one side of the circuit to each signal light. The terminal 221 is connected by conductor 229 to the red signal lights 230 of the signals SX. The terminal 23I is connected by the conductor 23-2 to the red signal lights 233 of signals SY. The terminal 234 is connected by the conductor 235 to the amber change lights 236 of the signal SY. The terminal 231 is connected by the conductor 239 to the amber lights 240 of the signal SX.

The control terminal 24l is connected by the conductor 242 to the green signals 243 of the signals SY. The terminal 244 is connected by the conductor 245 to the green signals 246 of the signals SX. The terminal 241 is connected by the conductor 249 to the "Walk or Advance signals 259 of the signals SY. The terminal 25I is connected by the conductor 252 to the Walk or Advance signals 253 of the signal SX.

The terminals 254 and 255 are connected to a source of power supply, through a master switch (not illustrated). Conductors N and P are connected to these terminals, respectively. The letters N and P are chosen arbitrarily as 'a simple means of distinguishing between the main power supply lines, rather than as an indication of polarity. For convenience, the conductors N and P are shown in heavy lines extending to all elements to which they are permanently connected.

The conductor N extends directly to one blade of the cam switch I65, and to intermediate main switch terminals I36 and I36, which are alternately connected to contacts I34 or I34, and to I35 or I35 respectively. Conductor N is also connected to one terminal of the motor 221 of the impulse producing unit E. This conductor is likewise permanently connected to one contact 100 and I00 of the fixed limiting switches J and J. Conductor N is also connected to one contact I01 and I01 of the adjustable limiting switch L. This conductor is also connected to the terminal 226 connected to the common wire 225 of all of the signal lights SK and SY.

The conductor P is connected to terminals 220 and 224 leading to vehicle detectors DY and BK. Obviously, when certain types of detectors are used, relays must be provided in the circuit to produce an impulse of necessary amplitude. However, for the sake of simplicity, contact type detector pads areindicated.

Conductor P is connected to one terminal of each of the magnets I25 and I25. This conductor is also connected to the remaining terminal of the motor 201 driving the impulse producing unit. Conductor P is likewise connected to one impulse contact switch 2 I3 and an impulse contact switch 2I'5. This conductor is also connected to one blade of each of the cam switches I69, I10, I II, I12, I13, I14, I15, and I16. Conductor P is also connected to one terminal of the cam motor I11. The other contact of the cam motor I11 is connected by the conductor 256 to one terminal of the cam switches I63 and I64, and to the remaining terminal of the cam switch Terminal 2I9 (leading to the detectors DY) is connected by the conductor 251 to one normally broken contact I39 of the main switch unit C. The remaining contact I39 .is connected by the conductor 2.5.9 to one :blade of the cam switch I66. The other blade of the cam switch I63 is connected by the conductor 260 to one blad I6 of the manually operated switch F. The conductor26l1 also is connected to the conductor 251.

The above mentioned remaining contact I39 is also connected by the conductor 26I to one terminal of the time prolonging magnet 35. The other terminal of the magnet 35 is connected by the conductor 262 to the remaining terminal I01 2 of the adjustable limiting switch L.

The remaining contact I6 of the manually controlled switch F is connected by the conductor 263 to the remaining blade of the impulse switch 2 I5. The conductor 264 connects the conductor 263 with one blade I5 of the manually controlled switch F.

The terminal 223 (connected to the vehicle detector DX) is connected by the conductor 265 to one normally open contact I39 of the main switch unit C". The remaining contact I39 is connected by the conductor 266 to one blade of the cam switch I61. The other blade of the cam switch I61 is connected "by the conductor 261 to one blade 16' of the manually operated switch F. The conductor 231 also is connected to the conductor 2'65.

The above mentioned remaining contact I39 is also connected by the conductor 269 to one terminal of the time prolongin magnet 35. The other terminal of the magnet 35 is connected by terminal 241 is connected by the'conductor 212 to the remaining terminal of the cam switch. Thus the cam I55 and its switch I TO control the circuit to the Walk signalslon highway Y. r

The terminal 244 is connected by the conductor 213 to the remaining terminal of the cam switch "I, and. this cam switch controls the" circuit to 91 i al X The terminal is connected by the conductor 214 to the remaining terminal of the switch I12; and this switch accordingly regulates thecircuit to the Go signal onhighway Y;

The terminal 231 is. connectedtbyi the conductor..- 2'I5to:'the .remainingterm'inal of the cam switch I-I;3.': Thus? it will: be. seen th-at'the. cam switch 113 and ther'cam 159 'actuatingthe same controlrthe circuit toithe amber-signals on" highway Theterminal .234is connected by the conductor 2.1515130 theremainlng. terminal of the cam switch I14. 1 Thus, the rcam'switch I14 and the cam I50 controllingthe'same actuate the amber signals on'highway'Y. i:

- The terminal23l: is conneotedzby the conductor 21] to the remaining, terminaliof the cam switch I15: and'this switch and the cam. IBI actuating the same control the. red signals 233 on' highway Y. The'terminal 221:.is connected by the conductor 219 to the cam'switch I16; and this switch and the cam I62 actuating-thesame,control the red signals230 of highwayX'..:- 1- ffi -The connections to all of the cam switches have been. described with the ;exoention of..those".to switche I53 and l64. One terminal cf' each of these switches is: connected to ithejcam motor I I1. The other terminal-of the-switch] 63-is connected by the conductor 280 :to the mainswitch contact I35 Qf-the -main;-sWitcheG; -This contact is normally broken but upon energization' of the mag net; I25 a contact willbe made throughthe-com ductor 280 from the-line wire to therswitch I63.

The cam I54 has its remaining-terminal connected by the conductor 28I to the contact I35: oft-the main switch C. This contact is normally broken but upon ener ization of; the-magnet I25 a circuit will be closed from the line wire N to the switch I65. 3

I have now described all ofthe'circuits directly connected to the controller terminals and involvin the various cam switches of the cam unit D. I will next describe the. connections through the main switches C and Cf, V

The circuit through the normally open contacts I39 has been'prev ouslydescribed. The contact I 34 is connected by the conductor.282 to one of the normally open contacts I32 of the unit C; Similarly the contact I34'is originally connected by conduct-or 2-83 to the contact I32 of'theunit C.

The switch units 0 and C are actuated by magnets I25 and ,I25', on e terminal of which connected to the line wire P. The other terminal of. the magnet I25 is connected by the conductor 234 to one of the normally closed contacts I 33. The remaining contact, I33- is connected by the conductor 285 to theremaining contact I90 of the fixed limiting switohJ.

; rh l m m n i n' na'ii iihe, i ane 251s 14 connectedby the conductor 28-6 to one of the normally closed contacts I33 of the main switch unit C. The remainin contact I33 is connected by the conductor 281 to the remaining terminal MB of the fixed limiting switch J.

The remaining contact I32 is connected by the conductor 289 to one terminal of the magnet I9 for operating :and resetting the ratchet wheel 60. The other terminal of the magnet I9 is connected by the conductor-290 to the remaining terminal of the impulse producing switch 2I3, The rema'ining'contact I32 of the switch unit C is connected by the conductor 29I to one terminal of themagnet I9, actuating the resetting ratchet wheel H. The other terminal of the magnet 18' is connected by the conductor 292 to the conductor 290 leading to the impulse producing switch 213.

Operation of the controller In the operation of my controller, the main switch is closed directing current to the terminals 254 and 255 connected to the line wires N an'djl, respectively. The motor 281 being connected directly to both line wires immediately st'arts into 'motion, rotating the discs 2H] and El I.- 'Rotation of these discs initiates regularly timed impulses when the accompanying circuits are closed;

If the controller is to be actuated by traflic approaching the intersection of highways X and Y, the'manually controlled switches F and l?" are -both turned into position to separate the contacts I6 and I6",-0r in other words to open these switches. In the position disclosed, the cams are injthe position shown in Figure 1 of the 'drawings- 'In this position the cam 849 is in position to close the switch Hi3, but the switches I64 and I65 are opened. No circuit is closed 'to the motor I'll, however, as the conductor -28Bfleading to the closed cam motor switch I63 is spaced from the intermediate terminal I35 of the switch C. The cam switch I55 is close'dand accordingly the detectors DY are live. Thecam switch, I5! is open and therefore thecircuit to the magnet 35' is broken from the vehicle detectors DX. The cam switch I59 is closed, therefore illuminating the walk signals 253 on highway X. The cam switch I'll) is broken, thereby braking the circuit to the Walk signals 250 on highway F. The cam switch IN is closed; thereby closing a circuit to the green signals 246 on highway Y. Contacts I '52 are broken, thereby opening the circuit to the green signal on highway X. The contacts I13 are open and thereby the amber change lights 246 of high way Yarenot illuminated. The contacts I M are also open and therefore the amber signals 235 on highway X are likewise not illuminated. The contacts, I'I5 are closed, thus closing a circuit to the red signal lights 233 of highway X. The contacts are open and as a result the red signal lights23ll on highway Y are not illuminated.

\Vhen the signal cams are in the position shown in Figure 4, as described, it will be noted that the right-of-way is being given to trafiic on highway through the conductor 259to the magnet 35. The other terminal of this magnet 35 is connected through the conductor 262 and the limiting switch L to the other line wire N, thus completing a circuit to the magnet 35 to energize this magnet. This action operates the pawl 55 to rotate the ratchet wheel 22 in a counter-clockwise direction as viewed in Figure 2 and 4 of the drawings, and disengages the stub shaft IIlI from the fixed limiting contact switch J closing a circuit through the contacts I66.

This action closes a circuit from the line wire N through the contacts I99 through conductor 285, through the normally closed contacts I33, through the conductor 265 to one terminal of the main switch unit magnet I25, the other terminal of which is connected to the line wire P. Energization oi the magnet I25 acts to shift the main switch C, closing contacts I32 and I39, breaking contacts 533, and connecting contact I35 to the intermediate contact I66 which is connected to the line wire N.

The actuation of the main switch unit C closes a circuit from the line wire N through the contacts I36 and I 35 through the conductor 236 to g the closed cam switch I63, and through the conductor 255 to the cam motor ITI, the other terminal of which is connected to the line wire P. As a result a circuit is closed to the motor II! which rotates all of the cams connected thereto through 180. The operation of the motor IlI through 180 is insured by the cam switch I65 which is open only at two points spaced 180 apart. Therefore as soon as the motor III starts into operation and the cams are shifted thirty degrees, the cam switch I 55 is closed, closing a direct circuit from the power line N through con tacts I65 and conductor 255 to the motor I I1, the other terminal of which is connected to the line wire P. Actuation of the main switch unit 0 also closes a circuit from the line wireN through the contact I36 and terminal I34 through the conductor 283 and contacts I 32 and conductor 289 to the magnet I9. The terminal of the magnet I9 is connected through the conductor 299 to the impulse switch 2I3, the other terminal of which is connected to the line wire P. As a result a circuit is closed at regularly timed intervals to the magnet I9, tending to advance the ratchet wheel 66 until the gripping element 65 engages the clutch wheel l3 and swings the roller 11 against the dog 55 to release the ratchet wheel 22. When the dog 55 has been released from the ratchet wheel, this wheel will be returned by its spring 23 to normal starting position, breaking the contacts I66 in fixed limiting switch J, and thereby opening the circuit through the contacts I33 to the switch unit solenoid 25. This switch unit 25 will then return to normal position. The resetting of the ratchet wheel 22 swings the cam '32 in a clockwise direction, as viewed in Figure 4, acting through the lever 34 to release the dog 9!, thereby permitting the spring 6! to return the ratchet wheel 66 to its starting position with the pin 64 engaged against the adjustable stop I II.

During the rotation of the cams from the position shown in Figure 14 to the position shown in Figure 20, the following changes take place. The cam I49 maintains its cam switch I63 closed until it reaches the position shown in Figure 20, at which time operation of the motor I" ceases. The cam I56 maintains its contacts I64 open throughout the rotary movement thereof until the position illustrated in Figure 20 is reached,

; main switch contacts I39.

whereupon the contacts I64 are closed. The motor cam I5I holds its contacts I65 open until the cams have been rotated through a distance of thirty degrees, whereupon the contacts I65 are closed and remain closed until the cams reach the position shown in Figure 20, whereupon the circuit to the motor is broken.

The cam I52 controlling the contacts I66 through which one of the impulses resulting in the operation of the cam motor was transmitted, acts to open these contacts I66 as soon as the cams have rotated thirty degrees. Traffic on the highway Y may still actuate the prolonging ratchet wheel 22 because of the closing of the In other words, the switch I65 and the switch contacts I39 are in parallel and an impulse may be directed to the magnet 35 either through the cam switch I66 or the main switch contacts I39.

The cam I53 maintains its contacts I61 open, thus rendering the vehicle detectors on highway X inoperative or dead until the cams have traveled through a distance of ninety degrees. The reason for this lies in the fact that any vehicle crossing the detectors SX before the cams I53 reach the position in Figure 17, will have the necessary time to pass the intersection before the Go signal on highway X has been removed. However, any vehicle crossing the detectors SX after the cams have reached the position in Figure 1'! is free to actuate the prolonging magnet 35 to insure the return of the "(30 signal to highway X at the termination of its proper period on highway Y. In other words, the closing of contacts I61 provides a memory period for vehicles which pass the detector pads on highway X too late to cross the intersection before the Go sign is relinquished.

The cam I54 holds its associated switch I69 closed only when the cam is in the position shown in Figure 14. In other words, as long as the cams remain in stationary position as shown in Figure 14, the contacts I69 are closed, providing a Walk signal for pedestrians on highway X.

1 As soon as 'the'cams start into operation the contacts I69 are broken, thereby de-energizing the Walk signal in advance of the relinquishment of the Go signal on highway X. In reality several of the positions of the cams could be eliminated, except for the Walk signal which must be obliterated sufficiently in advance of the changing of the signal to permit pedestrians who have started to cross the intersecting highway to complete this crossing.

The cam I55 maintains its associated switch H9 in open position until the cams reach the position shown in Figure 20. The cams then come to rest and the contacts lIIl close to provide a Walk signal on highway Y.

The cam I56 controls the Go signal on highway X and maintains its switch III closed while the cam I56 rotates through or into the position shown in Figure 19 of the drawings. Slightly in advance of the initiation of the Go signal on highway Y, the switch III' opens the circuit to the Go signal on highway X to provide a short period during which the Stop signal may be displayed to both highways for the purpose of clearing trafiic in the intersection.

The cam I5I controls the Go signal on highway Y, and the associated switch IIZ remains open until the cams move into the position shown in Figure 20 of the drawings.

The cam I59 provides an amber light which is displayed during the last portion of display of the associated Go"- signal. The associated-switch I13 remains-open through ninety degrees of rotationof the cams, but the contacts close during the time the cams rotate-sixty degrees during the last'period of display of the Go-signal on highway X. In other words, when the cams reach the position shown in Figure 17, the switch I13 is closed and remains closed in the position shown in Figure 18. In the position'oi Figure 19, however, the Stop signal 'is being displayed to both highways and the change signal switch H3 is again broken.

The-cam 6!] controls the circuit to the change light on highway The associated switch H remains open throughout the movement of the cams from the --positions shown in Figure 14 to the position shown "in Figure 20. However, if "an amber signal is desired on highway Y during the changeof the-signal to this street, the cam may be so arranged to-c1ose the circuit at the desired point.

The cam I 6| maintains its associated contacts I115 closed from the position shown in Figure-"14 to the position of Figure '20, todisplay a red signalon highway Y. 'When the position of Figure 20 is reached, however, the contacts I15 are broken to obliterate this Stop signal. The cam I62 maintains its associated switch I16 open until the cams reach the position'shown in Figure 19. In this position, however, 'both of the circuits to the Go.signals are broken and both of the circuits to the red signals-are-closed to display a Stop signal to both highways to clear traffic in the intersection.

In the event additional traflic approaches the intersection on highway Y, acircuit is closed from line wire P through terminal 220, conductor 2H, detector DY, conductor 16 I magnet '35, conductor 262 and adjustable limiting switch I01 to line wire N. Continuing trafiic on highway Y can continue to advance the prolonging ratchet wheel 22 andthe cam '32 connected'therewith until the stub shaft I'UI engages the limiting switch I01 to break the circuit thereto. The ratchet 22 is-free to rotate slightly beyond this limiting position but :as soon as the limiting switch I! is broken all circuits to the prolonging magnet '35 are broken, as all circuits extend through this limiting switch. The detectors DY are then dead and further actuation will have no efiect thereupon until the Go signal is either relinqi-iished'by highway Y, or is about to be relinquished.

I have now explained how the signal maybe transferred from a Go display-on highway X to a Go display -0nhighway Y, and how the Go signal may be prolonged by continuing trafiie. I have also explained how the period of display on the highway is limited by the adjustable limiting switch K which may be set toprovide the maximum display period. After the ratchet wheel 22 and'the cam connected thereto reach the limit of their movement as described themagnet I9 continues tobe actuated at regular intervals by the impulse producing unit E until the gripping element 65 disclosed in Figures 6 through 9 acts as a. clutch to swing the roller 11 against the dog 55 to release first the ratchet wheel 22 and immediately thereafter the ratchetwheel 60.

The return of the timing unit 3 to starting position. acts to open contacts I 00, thereby breaking the circuit which extends-from the linewire N through the contacts Hill, conductor 285, contacts I33, conductor z filand magnet i 25 which is :connected to the dine wire' R As a result the In the event traffic has actuated thedetectors DX at a time too'late to cross the intersection before the relinguishmentof'the Go signal on highway 'X, or in the further event that trafli'c actuates the detectors DX during the Go display-0n highway Y, circuits are closed'to actuate the prolonging magnet 35 and to advance the associated ratchet wheel -22' and the cam 32' connected thereto. This circuit extends from the line wire-P through the terminal 224, canductor 2'22. detector DX, conductor 221, terminal 223 conductor 265, conductor 261, contacts I61, conductor 2-66, magnet 35", conductor 21!] and limiting switch ID to the line Wire N. 'Each such impulse-actuates the magnet 35 and further advancesthe prolonging ratchet 22. This action raises 'the associated stub shaft IOI out of engagement -with-the contacts I00, closing these contacts. Assoon as the main'switch C returns to the normal position shown, a circuit is closed from the line wire =N throughthe contacts conductor 28-1, contacts 1'33, conductor 286, and magnet I'25,-theother terminal of which is'connected to line wire P. This energizes the main switch'C, actingto close the contacts I32, and I39, to open contacts I33 and to connect 'the line wireN to thecontact I35.

"Asa-result oft'his actuation of the-main switch 'C', a circuit is closed from the line wire N through the contacts I36 and I35, conductor -28I, closed contacts Hi l, conductor 256, and cam'motor [71, the other terminal of which is-connecte'd to the line wire P. Energization-of the motor I11 acts to move the cams from the position shown in Figure 20 of the drawings through the various positions shown in Figures 21 through 25 and into the position shown'in Figure 14 of the drawings. The circuit to themot-or I'll is maintained throughout of rotation, bythe'cam HI and its associated switch I65. During movement of the'cams, it will be noted in Figure 21 that "the Walk signals 250 on highway Yare de-energized'in Figure 21. In the positionshown in Figure 21, the circuit through the switch I6! is closed. The camswitches remain in their same relative positions in the position of Figure .22. However,inthe'positionshown-in Figure 23, the cam switch'flifi isclosed topermitcarsapproaching the intersection on "highway -Y to cause return-of thesignal to'this highway after a proper display on highway X. It will also .be noted in Figure 23 thatthe switch I14 is closed to display a change signal-on highway Y.

In Figure 24 the cam switches remain in the same relative positions as shown in Figure 23. In Figure 25, howeventhe switch III is opened loy its cam I56 "to break the"G0 signal circuit to the signals SY. The :switch I73.is also broken by its'cam 159 to remove the change signal from highway Y. The switch I76 closes to provide a red "signal on highway Y. As the red signal is also being displayed to highway X, a clearing period-is provided for 'trafiic in the intersection.

'Fromthe position showninFigure'25, the cams move into theposition shown in Figure 14, wherein Walk signal and Go signal are displayed on highway X, and the Stop. signal is displayed on highway Y.

-I-have now-describcd :the manner in which the signals may "be transferred from one highway to the other and I have also described the manner in which the Go, display period may be prolonged on either highway. Theprolonging period does not begin until the termination of the initial period which is regulated by the position of the adjustable stop II'I. By rotating this stop III in a clockwise direction as illustrated in Figure 4, the ratchet wheel 66 and the gripping device 65 supported thereby may be rotated so that a longer time is required before the cam pin -'Il may engage the reduced diameter portion of the cam 32.

If desired either highway may be made an arterial highway, in which case the signals will always be returned to that highway after a proper display period on the other highway. To render one highway an arterial highway, the cam I5 is rotated to close the switch I6. When the switch I6 is closed and the switch I6 is open, the Go display will always return to highway Y after a display on highway X. For example if the cams are in the position shown in Figure 14 of the drawings, and the display period for the Go signal on highway X has expired, permitting the switch C to drop into its normal position, a circuit is created from line wire P through impulse switch 2l5 through the conductor 263, manual switch ZIS, conductor 260, cam switch I52, conductor 259, magnet 35, conductor 262 and adjustable limiting switch ID! to the line wire N. The solenoid 35 is then energized, advancing the ratchet wheel 22 and closing a circuit through the fixed limiting switch J.

When the switch J is closed a circuit is formed through contacts I33, conductor 235, normally closed contacts I33, conductor 2%, and magnet I25, the other terminal or" which is connected to line wire P. The main switch C is then energized closing a motor circuit from line wire N through contacts I33 and I35, conductor 283, cam switch I63 and conductor 253, to cam motor I'll, the other terminal of which is connected to line wire P. As a result the motor ITI acts to return the Go signal display to highway Y in the manner previously described.

The display of the "Go signal on the arterial highway for apredetermined length of time is insured by the impulse creating unit E. It will be seen that when the main switch C is energized an independent circuit is closed from line wire P through impulse switch 2I5, conductor 253, switch IIS, conductor 2%, contacts I33, conductor 26!, magnet 35, conductor 262, and limiting switch IIl'I which is connected to line wire N. As a result the magnet 35 is energized at equal intervals throughout a predetermined length of time until the stub shaft Iii! actuated by the ratchet Wheel 22 engages the adjustable limiting stub switch I537. The breaking of the switch Ill'l breaks the circuit to the magnet 35, thus preventing the cam 32 from being further advanced.

Simultaneously a circuit is closed from line wire P through impulse producing switch 2I3, conductor 290, magnet I9, conductor 289, contacts I32, conductor 233, and contacts I34 and I36 to line wire N. As a result the magnet 19 is likewise actuated at regular intervals by the cam 32 and maintained in advance of the gripping device 65 until movement of the cam is arrested by the limiting switch Ill'i'. Shortly thereafter, the ratchet wheel 68 will advance the gripping device 65 into a position to swing the roller ll into contact with the dog 55, releasing the ratchet wheel 22 and immediately thereafter releasing the ratchet wheel 63 in the manner which has been described. The main switch C is then returned to its normal position and the controller is subject to actuation by Vehicles which have approached the intersection during the display of the Go signal on highway Y, or which later approach the intersection on highway Y. In other words, the Go signal is always displayed on highway Y until interrupted by the approach of a vehicle on highway X.

In the event a number of vehicles approach the intersection on highway X, the Go display signal thereupon may be prolonged throughout its maximum period in the manner previously described. Furthermore should vehicles approach the intersection just prior to the relinquishment of the Go signal on highway X and are too late to cross the intersection, the magnet 35' will be actuated, thereby causing a return of the Go signal to highway X at the termination of the predetermined display time on highway Y.

I have described the operation of my controller as a semi-traffic actuated apparatus which will always return to a through street or arterial highway. The timer may also be adjusted so that highwayX serves as the arterial highway. In this arrangement the contacts I3 of the manually operated switch F are broken and the contacts I 6 of the switch F are closed.

If the Go signal is displayed on the signals SK and has been on display for at least the predetermined interval awarded highway X for Go display thereupon, a Vehicle approaching the intersection on highway Y will close a circuit from line wire P through terminal 220, conductor 2Il, detector DY, conductor 2N3, terminal 2I9, conductors 25'! and 230, cam switch I33, conductor 259, conductor 26L magnet 35, and conductor 232 to the limiting switch Hill, the other terminal of which is connected to line wire N. Thus the vehicle crossing the detector DY energizes the magnet 35; advancing the prolonging ratchet wheel 22, closing a circuit through the switch IBIJ. This closes a circuit from line wire N, through switch I33, conductor 285, contacts I33, conductor 284, and magnet I25, the other terminal of which is connected to the line wire P. The magnet I25 is thus energized, actuating the main switch C.

Actuation of the main switch G acts in the manner previously described to close a circuit through contacts I36 and I35, and through cam switch I63 which starts the cam motor Ill into operation. The cams act to change the signals in a manner to provide a Go display on highway Y, and a Stopdsignal on highway X.

Vehicles actuating the detector DY soon after the first actuation above mentioned will act to prolong the Go display on highway Y up to the predetermined maximum period as previously described. However, as soon as the resetting ratchet wheel M has advanced the necessary distance to award sufficient time to highway Y to allow vehicles to transverse the intersection, the timer unit B releases the ratchet wheels 22 and 60, allowing them to return to starting position.

This action breaks the circuit through the switch I00, thus de-energizing the magnet I25 and allowing the main switch to return to inoperative position. As soon as the switch C drops into its normal position, the circuit is closed from the line wire P through the impulse switch 2I5, conductor 23 i, manually operable switch I3, conductor 267, cam operated switch I31, conductor 266, magnet 35, conductor 27!), and

21 limiting switch H11, the -other terminal of Which is connected to the line wire 'N. The magnets? is then energized with an impulse created in the impulse producing unit E and the magnet 35 continues to receive regularly spaced impulses until the ratchet 22 advances it associated cam 32" "to a point where the stub shaft I'M engages 'the limiting switch Hl'i to break the circuit therethrough. No further impulse will then be received by the magnet 35'.

Upon actuation of the magnet 35', a circuit previously described will be closed through contacts m3 of the switch -'C to the magnet 125" of the main switch C, thus actuating the main switch C and closing the accompanying contacts. A circuit is then closed from the line wire P through the impulse switch 2E3, conductor 2'99, conductor N2, magnet i=9, conductor 2-91; switch contacts ES-2, conductor 282, contacts 134 and and I36, the latter of which is connected to the line wire N. Th'erefore simultaneously with the actuation of the impulse switch M to advancethe magnet at timed intervalathe circuit just described is closed through 'the impulse switch 2l3, acting to advance the resetting magnet 19' to advance the gripping device 65 into -position to reset the ratchet wheel 22'.

As will be understood the raising of the main switch'C' acts toclose-acircuit through contacts E36 and 135' from the line wire N through the cam switch 154 to the cam motor H1 operating the cams through 180 and returning the Go signal tohighway X. The Go signal will remain on highway X at least throughout the predetermined perioddetermined by the initiallperiocl adjusti-ng arm L and the adjustable limiting switch K. .At the end of this fixed display period on highway X, the ratchet wheels 2 2' and 160' will bereturned to their initial position and the"Go signal will remain on highway X in the absence of traffic on highway However, if 'traflic has approached the-intersection too late 'to cross the intersection before the signal was removed from highway Y. before the Go signal was relin quished on highway Y; or if trafiic has-approached the intersection. on highway Y during the fixed display periodof the Go signal on highway vX, this traiiic will have actuated the prolonging magneto 5-so as to again switch the signal tohigh way Ywhen both main switches C and-C are'in their normalpositions.

'If-desired my controller may be set to display a Go signal on both highways at regularly timed-intervals as determined by the initial period adjustment L and the :prolonging period adjustment K; In'such an-event'b'oth of the-manuall-y operate'clswitches F and- F are positioned 'to closethe corresponding contacts l6 and l"6'.. If, for example, the signal is displaying a G0 signal onhighway X, a circuit-is closed from the line wire P through the impulse switch 215, conductor 264, switch 16, conductor 261, cam switch lfil, conductor a266, magnet -35, conductor '210, and switch 'l 537, which is connected to the line wire N. Thus the switch, 215 provides impulses at regularly timed intervals to the magnet 35, advancingthe ratchet wheel 2'2 and its'associated cam 32' until the limiting switch 101 is broken,

thus openingthe circuit to the magnet '315. Si

multaneously a circuit is closed from the linerwire P through the switch 213, conductor '290, .conductor 292', magnet 19", condu0tor 2'9 |.',"co'ntacts 325-,

conductor 28 2, and contacts 134 and res to line wire N. Themagnet 19' is thus also actu'atedat t-imeddntervals by the impulse switch -2l3 un-til the gripping device carried by "the ratchet wheel 60' acts to release both *r-atchet wheel's-22 2" and 60' in the manner described.

During thedi'splay "or the signal on highwayX, the mainswitch-U has actuated. As

soon as the switch l'flfl' is opened by the return-of the magnets to the starting positions, :a circuit is closed from the line "-w-ire :N through the switch blades 1'01, conductor 262, "magnet 35 conductor 261., conductor 25'9, lcam'switch 1'66, conductor 2611, switch "4 6., conductor $63, to impulse switch 215, the other terminal of which is connected to the (line wire P. As-a result the magnet 35-is actuated at spaced intervals until the limitingsw-itch-l fl'l :is broken to close the circuit thereto.

Actuation 'oithe magnet 35 :fO IZmS a contact through theswitch I00- clos'ing (a circuit from the line wire 'iN through the switch .|;U|],"C'0Iifll1(3t0r the other terminal of which is connected to the line wire-P. I he main switch is thus "actuated closing a circuit through the "contacts I35 and 135 to the switch 163 which is closed at the time;

and which starts "the motor l |:-'1.into operation to change theisignals to'display Go on highway Y;

The resetting magnet -19 is'actuated at-regularly spaced intervals through the impulse :swit'ch 2l3, advancing the ratchetfiuuntil the-gripping device-65 carried thereby actuates the dcgreleasi-ng mechanism for "the ratchet wheels :22 and 8 0 allowing these wheels to return to their starting.

position and -0pening the switch Qpening of the switch Hi0 de energ-izes the magnet 125, allowing the switch Cto return to its normal position. In this .position, :however, a circuit is closed through the cam switch ifil from the rimpulse producingswitch 215 to the magnet 35' Actuation of the magnet 35" acts :in the'mannerpreviously described tc-actuate the main switch C and to start the'cam motor 41-! in operation to change the Go signal t-o*'display -Go on highway This alternateoperation of-the signal continuesas long as the switches :Fand F" are set for automatic operation.

While I have describ'ed the signals 250 and:253

as Walk signals, they may also serve as a preliminary warning that the signal is about to change. It will =benoted thatthe signals -25B'and 25 l :change in advance of the amber warning-signals, andcan thus serve as a notice to motorists that thesignal will change within-a short space -of time. Such a signal is particularly desirable in areas where pedestrians cross the intersection "at infrequent intervals.

I "have described the principles of construction and operation of my timer and .havealso described certain specific sequences which may take place during theoperation of mY -COIItIOIIBI'. Qb'vious'ly the sequence of eventsmay.varysomewhat, but from the foregoing description the operation of the controller is believed obvious.

I have found that in'so'me instances, the friction clutch'd'evice for'res'etting the'ratchet wheelsmay not function to the best advantage; If desired a morepo'sitive type ofclut'chmay be used innlace-oftheclutch suggeste'd.

'In 'Figure 27"of the drawings I disclose "amodn fled form of clutch construction which may be used 1 in 1 place of the "fri'ction'clutch described. In

this construction the 'ratchet wheel 22 drives the cam 294 which -is identical to the cam 32 previous Y 296 15 supported. A -nn'ger M'Uprojects iromione' s i-de of thel pawl to serve as a means of connecting the pawl to a spring 299. The spring 299 is anchored to the ratchet 60 by means of a pin 39% or other suitable means. The pawl 296 is provided with an arm 301 projecting therefrom for carrying a pin 302 or roller engageable with the outer surface of the cam 294. The cam 294 is provided with a large diameter portion 303 and a reduced diameter portion 3M. When the pin 302 is engaged with the large diameter portion, the point or part of the pawl which enages the ratchet wheel is spaced from the surface of the ratchet wheel 305. The ratchet Wheel 3115 is freelyrotatable upon the shaft and is provided with an arm 3% connected thereto to carry a shaft 38'! upon which is mounted the roller 399 which acts to disengage the dog holding the prolonging ratchet wheel from reverse rotation. However, when the pin or roller 392 moves toward the reduced diameter portion 384 of the cam 294, the point of the pawl 296 engages a tooth of the ratchet wheel 305, acting to positively connect the ratchet wheel 305 for rotation with the ratchet wheel 19 supporting the pawl 2%. Such action tends to rotate the arm 391i and the shaft and roller supported thereby in a clockwise direction as viewed in Figure 27, thus releasing the ratchet dog of the prolonging ratchet in the manner previously described.

In Figure 28 of the drawings I disclose a slightly different way of operating the adjustable limiting switch K. In the previously described construction a rather fine adjustment of the ratchet pawl is necessary to swing the stub shaft 111i into contact with the switch blades llil due to the fact that as soon as the switch blades lil'l are broken, the magnet urging the pawl 85 in a rotative direction is de-energized. Thus with the construction previously described inertia or momentum is depended upon to complete the movement of the ratchet to open the limiting switch K.

In the construction shown in Figure 28 of the drawings, the insulation block fill of the switch K is replaced by a somewhat longer'insulation block 310 which is supported in the same manner as the block 101. The block 3N! supports the limiting switch 311 which is identical to the switch 101 previously described. An angle bracket 312 is mounted at the outer end of the block 310 and a spring blade 313 is mounted upon the angle bracket to project downwardly therefrom in close proximity to the ratchet wheel 3M which takes the place of the ratchet wheel 22 of the previously described construction. The ratchet wheel 314 is connected to a cam such as 32, not illustrated in the drawings, by means of a sleeve 3 F5. An arm 3 1! is rotatably supported upon the sleeve 135 adjacent the ratchet 314. A pin 319 having an inclined outer end 320 projects laterally from the ratchet wheel 314 in the path of rotary movement of the arm 311. A spring 321 is provided about the sleeve 315 for holding the arm 31? against the pin 319. The arm 31! supports a stub shaft 322 which takes the place of the stub shaft 191 of the previously described construction and serves a similar purpose. The stub shaft 322 is engageable with one of the contacts of the switch 31 1 to open this switch.

The spring arm 313 is normally in the path of movement'of the end 323 of the arm 31! so that as the ratchet 314 and arm 31'! rotate, the end of the arm 32 3 engages against the edge of the spring arm 313. This action temporarily arrests movement of the arm 311 and the shaft 322 supported thereby. The am 311 engages the spring arm 24 313 before the stub shaft 322 engages the switch contact 31 1 to open this switch.

Further rotation of the ratchet 314 brings the inclined end 3213 of the pin 319 into engagement with the beveled or inclined end 324 of the spring blade 313. As a result the spring blade 313 is bent outwardly away from the ratchet wheel 314 until the edge of the blade 313 is disengaged from the end 323 of the arm 311. As soon as the arm and blade are disengaged the spring 321 acts to rotate the arm 31'! against the pin 319, simultaneously engaging the contact 31 1 to open this switch.

From the foregoing explanation, it will be seen that the ratchet is thus provided with a lost motion device which relies upon spring means to suddenly open the switch 31 1. A snap switch is thus provided which is in many ways preferable to the type of switch previously described.

In accordance with the patent statutes, I have described the principles of construction and operation of my controller, and while I have endeavored to set forth the best embodiments thereof, I desire to have it understood that obvious changes may be made within the scope of the following claims without departing from the spirit of my invention.

I claim:

1. A vehicle actuated controller for controlling signal lights at the intersection of two highways, comprising signal changing means in said controller for changing the Go display, switch means controlling said signal changing means, timer unit means controlling said switch means, traffic actuated means operable by traffic approaching the intersection on at least one highway for actuating said timer unit to display a Go signal to said approaching trafiic for a predetermined period of time, a step-by-step resetting device for de-energizing said timer unit, and means actuating said resetting device step-bystep throughout said predetermined period.

2. A vehicle actuated controller for controlling signal lights at the intersection of two highways, comprising signal changing means in said controller for changing the Go display, switch means controlling said signal changing means, timer unit means controlling said switch means, traffic actuated means operable by traflic approaching the intersection on at least one highway for actuating said timer unit to display a Go" signal to said approaching tralfic for a predetermined period of time, means forming a part of said timer unit operable in steps and responsive to continuing traffic on said one highway to prolong said predetermined period, a step-bystep resetting device for de-energizing said timer unit, and means actuating said resetting device step-by-step throughout said predetermined period.

3. A vehicle actuated controller for controlling signal lights at the intersection of two highways, comprising signal changing means in said controller for changing the Go display, switch means controlling said signal changing means, timer unit means controlling said switch means, traific actuated means operable by trafiic approaching the intersection on at least one highway for actuating said timer unit to display a Go signal to said approaching trai'fic for a predetermined period of time, means forming a part of said timer unit operable in steps and responsive to continuing trailic on said on highway to prolong said predetermined period an equal increment'of time for each tI'affiC actuation, a stepby-step resetting device for de-energizing said 

